![]() In the Comanche advance, the Apaches were driven off the Plains. The earliest references to them in the Spanish records date from 1706, when reports reached Santa Fe that Utes and Comanches were about to attack. ![]() Their original migration took them to the southern Great Plains, into a sweep of territory extending from the Arkansas River to central Texas. Louis via other Indian middlemen (Seminole, Osage, Shawnee). As early as 1795, Comanche were selling horses to Anglo-American traders and by the mid-19th century, Comanche-supplied horses were flowing into St. ![]() The Comanche supplied horses and mules to all comers. It was of such strategic importance that some scholars suggested that the Comanche broke away from the Shoshone and moved south to search for additional sources of horses among the settlers of New Spain to the south (rather than search for new herds of buffalo.) The Comanche have the longest documented existence as horse-mounted Plains peoples they had horses when the Cheyennes still lived in earth lodges. The horse became a key element in the emergence of a distinctive Comanche culture. As late as 1725, Comanches were described as using large dogs rather than horses to carry their bison hide "campaign tents". Contact with the Shoshones of Wyoming was maintained until the 1830s when it was broken by the advancing Cheyennes and Arapahoes.Īfter the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, various Plains peoples acquired horses, but it was probably some time before they were very numerous. The Kotsoteka (‘Bison Eaters’) were probably among the first. The Proto-Comanche movement to the Plains was part of the larger phenomenon known as the “Shoshonean Expansion” in which that language family spread across the Great Basin and across the mountains into Wyoming. 1.4 Before the establishment of the Empire.
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